The trans saharan trade is said to have facilitated the spread of islam religion in western sudan. The desert is a geographical barrier which requires complex organisation to cross those who. Social and economic impact of the transsaharan trade in africa north and south of the sahara. The east african slave trade network was later dominated by european colonial traders by the 18th and 19th centuries, when the destinations of most east african slaves were plantation colonies owned by europeans. Social and economic impact of the transsaharan trade in. Trans saharan trade introduction the saharan trade extended from the sub saharan west african kingdoms across the sahara desert to europe.
Transsaharan trade and the west african discovery of the. Various factors facilitated the development of the trans saharan trade. The transsaharan commodity trade presented by christopher rose hemispheres summer teachers institute 2003 june 9, 2003 why discuss the transsaharan trade as part of a workshop dealing with issues of food, cultural contact, and migration. The arab conquest of spain and the push of arab armies as far as the indus river culminated in an empire that stretched more than three continents.
The slave trade across the sahara the transsaharan slave trade. The complex network of medieval and early modern caravan routes 8th to 19th century, within which the transsaharan book trade flourished, is reconstructed from literary and archaeological sources. The transsaharan trade routes connected all parts of northern africa to each other, as well as the rest of the world. Transsaharan trade requires travel across the sahara north and south to reach subsaharan. Cambridge core ancient history trade in the ancient sahara and beyond edited by d. Within two centuries, it would become a bustling city and a center of culture and learning. These trade routes have always been popular for people, even prior to the kingdoms of the western and central sudan. Timbuktu was not the only city or region to adopt islam as a result of the trade route. Traders exchanged gold, slaves, cloth, and salt along the trans saharan routes.
Transsaharan trade was when people traveled across the sahara to reach subsaharan africa from the north african coast, europe, or the levant. This trade route traveled across the sahel, the north african coast, europe and the levant. It would lie at the center of great empires that rose to power through the riches of the transsahara trade. Pdf a historical geography of the transsaharan trade. Transsaharan trade routes and african empires guided. Analyze the role of geography and the distribution of resources played in the. This is a collection of articles, some of which were presented at a conference on caravan trade organized by the libyan studies center in 2006. Manuscript culture, arabic literacy and intellectual history in muslim africa pp. Islam had spread into northern africa by the midseventh century a. Transsaharan trade african studies oxford bibliographies. With an economy built on the basis of the transsaharan trade, the mali empire was the largest and longest lasting kingdom in the history of west africa. The trade led to development of urbanisation for example towns such as gao, timbuktu and jenne. Pdf the trans saharan slave trade download full pdf.
The transsaharan trade helped to make songhai rich and prosperous. The transsaharan trade route was a trade route that traveled across the sahara desert. Kratli, graziane the transsaharan book trade by alejandro. The trans saharan trade route was a trade route that traveled across the sahara desert. The empires of west africa grew as a result of the transsaharan trade routes.
Manuscript culture, arabic literacy and intellectual history in. The slave trade across the sahara the trans saharan slave trade. In libya and algeria, from at least 7000 bc, there was pastoralism, the. Commodity trade and development the african economic history. The author uncovers and surveys this, the leastnoticed of the slave trades out of africa, which from the seventh to the twentieth centuries quielty delievered almost as many black africans into foreign servitude as did the far busier, but much briefer atlantic and east african trades. Students play the part of an african trying to acquire enough wealth to purchase the freedom of hisher family. Trans saharan trade requires travel across the sahara north and south to reach sub saharan africa from the north african coast, europe, to the levant.
While most people are familiar with the transatlantic slave trade, there is less knowledge of another major external african slave trade in world history. In early transsaharan trade, small trade routes around the nile valley were being utilized throughout the millennia, while travels across the sahara prior to the domestication of the camel were difficult. The offsprings of black concubines with their arab masters were free and merged. Describe the trading networks by examining trans saharan trade in gold, salt, and slaves. Because of the trading, the transsaharan cities could grow. Timbuktu timbuktoo, for example, began as a camp for traders in about 1100. The transsaharan trade was a very important trade route that ran across the sahara between the mediterranean countries and west africa. Trans saharan trade requires travel across the sahara north and south to reach sub saharan. Download pdf the trans saharan slave trade book full free. The economic organization of the transsaharan slave trade.
Download a free powerpoint viewer for pc or macintosh. A proportion of 14 to 12 of north african female pool is made of typical subsaharan lineages, in higher frequencies as geographic proximity to subsaharan africa increases. Aug 21, 2012 the trans saharan trade was a very important trade route that ran across the sahara between the mediterranean countries and west africa. This trade was conducted between the north african traders and their counterparts in west africa. The impact of the transsaharan trade the transsaharan trade had several consequences. The transsaharan commodity trade presented by christopher rose hemispheres summer teachers institute 2003 june 9, 2003 why discuss the trans saharan trade as part of a workshop dealing with issues of food, cultural contact, and migration. View transsaharan trade research papers on academia. History what were the impacts of transsaharan trade.
The developments of the transsaharan and transmediterranean trade routes 1996. Trans saharan and indian ocean essay example graduateway. Nov 11, 2014 social and economic impact of the trans saharan trade in africa north and south of the sahara. The archeological evidence for islam, and its connection to the transsaharan trade route, is found in two areas in particular. Trans saharan trade prior to the rise of the almoravids the arabislamic conquest of egypt and north africa, completed in the early 8th century c. On trans saharan trails download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl. It was the middle of the caravan season when baghlil started out with his team of. West african kingdoms in the fourteenth century bovill, e.
The transsaharan gold trade 7th14th century essay the. The trade route was in operation between the seventh and 14th centuries, expanding the more established trade route of the silk road between europe and the middle east. Gold is one of the most expensive commodities and one of the most soughtafter rocks in human history. With an economy built on the basis of the trans saharan trade, the mali empire was the largest and longest lasting kingdom in the history of west africa. For the trans saharan the two major resources traded were salt from the mediterranean and gold from western africa. This lesson introduces students to the transsaharan trade caravan routes and their effect on trade, religion, and culture. The trans saharan trade helped to make songhai rich and prosperous. The first one called, court of free people, and the second was. It includes research on topics ranging from the organization of caravan trade, patterns of transsaharan migration, and contraband activities, to the transsaharan trade in camels for butcher. As the trade intensified, infrastructures were developed in form of trade roots, schools, mosques and monuments. Gold trade and the mali empire by 1050, ghana was strong enough to assume control of the islamic berber town of audaghost. Trans saharan trade, between mediterranean countries and west africa, was an important trade route from the eighth century until the late sixteenth century. The economic organization of the transsaharan slave trade between.
Trans saharan and indian ocean not only used trade to spread islam but also wealth. The complex network of medieval and early modern caravan routes 8th to 19th century, within which the trans saharan book trade flourished, is reconstructed from literary and archaeological sources. Played as a class students must manage supplies and develop a plan as to how to sell such goods on the trans sahar. Transsaharan longdistance trade and the hellenopunic mediterranean michael sommer a very great nation than just the classical authors notorious. It profoundly influenced the culture of the region through the spread of its language, laws and customs along the niger river, which ran through the heart of the empire. Pupils work in groups to read informational texts about these two slave. It should be noted that the transsaharan trade continued to be important into the 19 th and even the 20 th century, as the continuing trade and human traffic shows. It should be noted that the trans saharan trade continued to be important into the 19 th and even the 20 th century, as the continuing trade and human traffic shows. So it is hard to understand the importance of trans saharan trade without understanding its importance for society, in terms of organisation and belief. Trans saharan trade simulationstrategy game by james gasparo. At their height 8th century until the 17th century they served as a cultural highway for the. Transsaharan trade prior to the rise of the almoravids the arabislamic conquest of egypt and north africa, completed in the early 8th century c. The impact of the trans saharan trade the trans saharan. Please watch the video and complete the lesson activities at your own pace.
The archeological evidence for islam, and its connection to the trans saharan trade route, is found in two areas in particular. As adu boahen has explained, the transsaharan caravan trade began to take place on a regular basis during the fourth century, as an expanded version of the preexisting intra and interregional trade among peoples of the forest, savanna, sahel, and sahara. Sswh5 the student will trace the origins and expansion of the islamic world between 600 ce and 0 ce. Pdf transsaharan longdistance trade and the hellenopunic. Transsaharan trade routes promoted the growth of powerful trading cities in the time period because they traded valuable items like slaves, gold, and salt, which increased the net worth of the cities and allowed for economic growth that way. The transsaharan trade was a twoway exchange between subsaharan regions and the north.
Separate files for electronic postings including separate fillable pdf files for student answers and esubmission. Pdf the trans saharan slave trade download full pdf book. Pdf a strongly held misconception about the sahara, both in popular culture and in academia, is that. The slave trade across the sahara the transsaharan. Trade networks, finance and the limits of cooperative behavior in. It profoundly influenced the culture of the region through the spread of its language, laws and customs along the niger river, which ran through the heart of. This occurred in west africa with the trans saharan trade. Trans saharan routes began to bypass audaghost, expanding instead toward the newly opened bure goldfield. It includes research on topics ranging from the organization of caravan trade, patterns of trans saharan migration, and contraband activities, to the trans saharan trade in camels for butcher. By the end of the twelfth century, however, ghana had lost its domination of the western sudan gold trade. Others have also proposed the transsaharan slave trade. Played as a class students must manage supplies and develop a plan as to how to sell such goods on the trans saharan trade as gold, salt, slaves, fruit, silk, etc. Click download or read online button to get on trans saharan trails book now. Powerful empires had control of the route, leading to its growth and increase in influence.
Chances are you know someone with flashy gold jewelry, or maybe even a. Trans saharan trade simulationstrategy game by james. Because of the trading, the trans saharan cities could grow. Transsaharan trade, conducted across the sahara desert, was a web of commercial interactions between the arab world north africa and. Transsaharan trade routes and african empires guided lesson. Trans saharan trade was when people traveled across the sahara to reach sub saharan africa from the north african coast, europe, or the levant. It chronicles the rise to power along trans saharan trade routes, the hajj of man. On trans saharan trails download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi. The developments of the transsaharan and transmediterranean trade routes. The transsaharan slave trade clues from interpolation. Goods included precious metals, such as gold, as well as slaves. After a brief discussion, student led groups will examine either the transatlantic or trans saharan slave trade. This trade was directly responsible for seismic shifts in african economies and the foundation of new empires.
This lesson introduces students to the trans saharan trade caravan routes and their effect on trade, religion, and culture. While existing from prehistoric times, the peak of trade extended from the 8th century until the early 17th century. Availability of trade goods such as gold and salt presence of oases that provided water the tuaregs in the desert provided security to the traders and acted as guides existence of well established trade routes. Feel free to pause and rewind the video as many times as you will need to ensure that all of the activities are completed and completed correctly. An interactive simulation is included with students assuming the roles.
The trade route was in operation between the seventh and 14th centuries, expanding the more established trade route of the silk road. Some of the places where people gathered to trade grew into towns. The slave trade across the sahara the transsaharan slave. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. The trade led to the decline of empires such as ancient ghana and mali while others such as songhai emerged. A historical geography of the transsaharan trade january 2011 in book. Transsaharan trade requires travel across the sahara north and south to reach subsaharan africa from the north african coast, europe, to the levant. Trans saharan trade essay in the time period between 300 b. All of these led to cultural exchanges between the arabs from north africa and the people from western sudan. It would lie at the center of great empires that rose to power through the riches of the trans sahara trade. This dissertationthesis is brought to you for free and open access by the university honors. This compelling text sheds light on the important but under studied transsaharan slave trade.
Transsaharan slave trade was conducted within the ambits of the transsaharan trade, otherwise referred to as the arab trade. The conditions just described pertain to the sahara and its surrounding lands in historical times, but it is important. The trade became popular from the 8th century until the late 16th century. Trans saharan trade was the transit of goods between sub saharan africa and the northern arab and european worlds. It chronicles the rise to power along transsaharan trade routes, the hajj of man. Central sudan served as a kind of trading bridge between songhai in the west and darfur in the east. The system was so successful that trading centers established during that time remain major saharan cities today.
Trade in the ancient sahara and beyond edited by d. Trades were even, ounce for ounce an ounce of gold for an ounce of salt. Between the eighth and ninth centuries, arab traders. This book explores how this complex trade network shaped the history of africa, the middle east, and europe. This one page historical reading plus one page of questions gives an overview of the kingdom of mali.
The trans saharan trade played an important role in the rise of states in the senegambia region and the western sudan, in general. The trade was also used to transport slaves and food to different places. In early trans saharan trade, small trade routes around the nile valley were being utilized throughout the millennia, while travels across the sahara prior to the domestication of the camel were difficult. Trans saharan trade routes promoted the growth of powerful trading cities in the time period because they traded valuable items like slaves, gold, and salt, which increased the net worth of the cities and allowed for economic growth that way.
Jul 23, 2015 trans saharan slave trade was conducted within the ambits of the trans saharan trade, otherwise referred to as the arab trade. Trans saharan trade, conducted across the sahara desert, was a web of commercial interactions between the arab world north africa and the persian gulf and sub saharan africa. After a brief discussion, student led groups will examine either the transatlantic or transsaharan slave trade. Transsaharan routes began to bypass audaghost, expanding instead toward the newly opened bure goldfield. The sahara was a strong geographical barrier against gene flow, at least since 5,000 years ago, when desertification affected a larger region, but the arab transsaharan slave trade could have facilitate enormously this. Analyze the process of religious syncretism as a blending of traditional african beliefs with. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Students will begin the lesson by brainstorming the word slavery. A study of the transatlantic and transsaharan slave trades overview this lesson is intended as a short overview of the transatlantic and transsaharan slave trades. A study of the transatlantic and transsaharan slave trades lesson plan is suitable for 6th 10th grade. This trade is called transsaharan trade, because it required traders to cross the sahara.
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